Firearm



1 N. DIEHM FIREARM 2 Sheems--Sheeu 2 ct. 14 r1924,.

V Filed Feb. 26, 192] *j "QQ d l.

oms/5 LPatented @et 141, 1924.

@METEO STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUCTUS N. DIEHM, OF' WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 BERKELEY C. STONE, OF MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT.

FIREARM.

Application filed February 26, 1921.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, Lucius N. DinHM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vvlest Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented new and Improved Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

My invent-ion relates to that class of firearms that are supported by or on the person while being discharged, and more especially to the smaller type of such firearms, and an object of my invention, among others, is to provide a device of this class that shall be extremely simple in its construction and particularly efficient in its operation.

One form of device embodying my invention and in the construction and use of' which the objects herein set out, as well as others, may be attained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view in central vertical longitudinal section through my improved firearm, the barrel and lower part of the handle being broken away and the hammer being in its uncooked position.

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation with the cover and spring plate removed, the parts being in the position assumed when the hammer is cocked.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 butI with the breech-bolt in its rearward position and the hammer cocked.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a portion of the device shown therein but with the covervand spring plate in place.

Figure 5 is a view in cross section through the device on a plane passing through the pin for securing the receiver in place.

Figure 6 is a view showing the trigger, hammer, sear and connecting parts disconnected from the frame.

In the device herein shown the frame comprises a handleV 10 with a main or fixed receiver section 11 integrally formed at its upper end and a detachable receiver section 12 removably secured to the upper lforward edge of the main receiver section. Said detachable section 12 has a barrel 13 removably secured thereto, the barrel having a threaded tang 14 litting the screw threaded wall of a recess 15 at the mouth of an opening 16 extending through the section 12, a breech chamber extension 17 from the barserial No. 448,022.

rel extending through and fitting said opening and having a breech chamber 18 at its rear end for the reception of the shell of a ytion 12 to retain said sections and barrel in place. Said retaining 'pin has a head 21 to serve as a mea-ns for turning the pin and immediately under the head a threaded portion 22 fits a threaded opening in one of the flanges 19, as shown in Figure 5 of the drawings. A cartridge. guide lug 65 projects from the rear end of the section 12 and has a groove in line with the magazine chamber hereinafterreferred to to form a guide `for movement of cartridges into the cartridge chamber.

An important feature of the invention embodies interengaging members between the main receiver section and the detachab-le receiver section at the back edge of the former, said engaging parts being formed to resist separation of the two receiver sections under the forces exerted in the operation of the firearm. The connection herein shown embodies lips 28-24 on each of the sections engaging a corresponding recess in the opposite section, said lips and recesses being so formed that a backward movement of the ydetachable section after the pin 2O has been taken out will disengage the parts and permit them to be separated. All of the major forces occasioned by use of the firearm` will be such, in this construction, as to hold the parts in engagement, and comparatively little strain will be placed upon the pin 20.

Theusual trigger guard 25 is provided at the front edge of the Amain section of the receiver and a magazine chamber 26 of ordinary form extends through the structure from the lower end of the handle into the breech-bolt space at the upper edge of the receiver.

A breech-bolt 27 is slidably secured to the upper edge of the main receiver section in any suitable manner, said bolt having a stop chamber 28 to receive a stop 29 in the form of a projection from the upper edge'of the receiver section 11, as,shown in Figure 3 ot the drawings, the breech-bolt being main- Cil tained in sliding engagement With this section of the receiver as by means of retaining grooves 30 located on the inner faces of breech-bolt retaining flanges 31 engaging lips on opposite sides of the receiver section in a manner Well known to devices of this class,

said flanges 3l extending for substantially the Whole length of the breech-bolt. A liring pin 82 of any usual form and construction is located in the breech-bolt to strike the primer of a cartridge shell under the force of a hammer 33 pivotally mounted in the receiver, and an actuating spring support 34 located in an actuating spring chamber 35 opening from the end of the chamber y2.55 extends through a hole Ain the stop 29 anc supports a breech-bolt actuating spring 36 that thrusts with one .end against a head on said rod and with its opposite end against said stop to force the breechfbolt to its closed position. llVhen the breech-bolt is forcedL back- Wardly the stop 2 9 engaging the front Wall of .the chamber 28 Will stop the breechebolt in its baclmvard movement. The breech-bolt is roughened on opposite sides to provide linger grips B7, in a manner common to devices of this class.

A hammer strut 38 is pivotally attached at its upper end to the hammer 33 and rests with its loiver end against a plunger 39 seated upon a main spring 40 located in a Well in the handle in any` suitable manner. The hlllller 33 is mounted in a hammer chamber 4l extending from the magazine chamber 2,6 to the upper edge and opening into the breech-bolt space between the detachable receiver section and the stop 29 so' that the hammer may be inserted in its chamber from said breech-bolt space. sear 42 is pivotally mounted in the hammer chamber With its upper edge formed to engage a notch or notches in the hammer in an ordinaryT manner. A safety lug 43 projects from one side of the sear, preferably at its upper end and a. sear actuating lug 44 projects from one side at its loiver edgev to receive, in a recess therein, a sear actuating spring 45 thrusting against a scar actuating plunger 46 located in a safety lug recess 47 in the side of the receiver and opening intoy the magazine chamber, as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

Ain important feature of my invention consists in a one-piece trigger bar and disconnector that may be formed from-a thin piece of metal stamped to shape, this bar. and disconnector being of Y-shape, one branch of which forms the disconnector and the other branch of which engages the sear, this latter branch and the stem of the Y -structure comprising the trigger bar 4S that is located in a recess in the side of the Lipper part of ,the receiver With its forward end pivotally attached to the upper end of a trigger 49 located in a trigger recess 50 opening doivnivardly `from the top of the receiver section 1l, and through which the trigger may be inserted, said opening being covered by the lug 65. Any usual form of trigger spring and plunger may be employed 'for holding the trigger in its forward position, as shown in Figure il of the drawing.

The branch of the trigger bar and disconnector comprising the disconnector l. is in the form of a curved prong extending from the main part of the structure into a disconnector recess `52 formed in the edge of one of the breech-bolt flanges, as shown in dotted outline in Figure 2, and operated by movement of the breech-bolt in a manner that will be readily understood. A trigger bar spring 66 is 'inserted underneath the trigger bar for the purpose of forcing it into position to lengage the lug on the sear after it has been disengaged from said lug by action .of the breech-bolt as above described upon the disconnector `51.

A safety lever 5:3 is pivotally attached to the side of the receiver with a finger piece 5.4 at its outer end and a holding notch 55 in its lower edge to engage the safety lug 43. The pivot `58 for this safety lever also comprises the pivotl for the hammer 33. The end of the trigger bar 48, comprising ,one of lthe branches of the Y-shaped structure has an actuating shoulder 56 to engage the lug 43 for the purpose of actuating the scar, it being noted that the edge of the recess in the safety lever and the shoulder 5G engage the lug 43 on opposite sides, as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

yIt will be noted, however, that when the parts are in their normal relative positions with the hammer uncooked, as shown in the vdisconnected view in Figure 6, the safety lever dOs not engage the safety lug 43 and the sear is, therefore, free to move should the breech-bolt be thrown backward and the hammer thereby moved to its cocked position, and there is, therefore, no danger of injury to the parts in such an operation as would be the case Where the safety lever 53 engaged with the lug 43 and the sear thereby held to resist movement of the projections on the hammer in the cooking movement of the latter.

The pivot 57 is so .located with respect to the hammer pivot 5.8 that the former pivot is moved up nearly to a line passing through the pivot 58 and the fulcr-um of the strut 38, a result of this construction being that as the hammer is moved to its cocked position the main spring exerts its force less and less upon the hammer, and the resistance of the hammer to movement of the beech-bolt becomes less and less in the backward movement of said bolt, until the breech-bolt reaches its limit of backward movement when the force of the hammer thereon is substantially nil.

.A cover and spring plate 60 is attached to the side of the receiver to close the recess in which the trigger bar and disconnector are located, this plate being forked at one end to receive the safety lever 53 between its branches, and a spring finger 6l'is integrally formed with the plate and extends along the space between said branches to engage the side of the safety lever 53 and exert a frictional pressurefthereon, as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings.

The hole for the trigger bar pivot 62 extends entirely through the trigger 49 and a releasing hole 63 is formed through the side of the frame in line with the pivot 62 in a certain position so that a pin may be inserted through the hole 63 to remove the trigger bar pivot.

It will be noted that the shoulders, lugs and other projections employed for securing the breech-bolt and receiver sections in place are so arranged that the section l2 and the barrel are completely detached, consequently, when so detached, the breechbolt may be freely removed by sliding it over the front end of the frame, and that the support 34 for the actuating spring may thus be readily engaged with the hole in the stop 29 as the breech-bolt is moved backwardly on the frame=in placing it in position.

I claim- 1. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section, a detachable receiver section removably secured to the front part of said fixed section and forming the front wall of a breech-bolt recess, a breech-bolt filling said recess and slidably resting upon and attached to said fixed receiver section, means for locking said sections in engagement one with the other, and a barrel removably secured to said detachable section.

2. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section, a detachable receiver section forming the front wall of a breech-bolt recess, a breech-bolt filling said recess and slidably resting upon and attached to said fixed receiver section, said detachable section having side flanges to removably engage the sides of the fixed section, means for resisting lifting movement of said detachable section from the fixed section, means for otherwise securing said sections together, and a barrel removably secured to said detachable section.

3. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section, a detachable receiver section removably secured to the front part of said fixed section and forming the front wall of a breech-bolt recess, a breech-bolt filling said recess and slidably resting upon and attached to said fixed receiver section, said sections having means to prevent lateral movement of one with respect to the other, interengaging lips and grooves on said sections to prevent endwise extending in the direction of depth thereof,

a detachable receiver section having a lug lto engage said shoulder, said detachable section forming the front wall of a breech-bolt recess, abreech-bolt filling said'recess and slida'bly resting upon and attached to said fixed receiver section, interengaging lugs and grooves on said shoulder and lug to 4prevent lift-ing movement of the detachable section on the other section, means for otherwise holding said sections in engagement, and a barrel removably secured'to said detachable section.

5. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section having a trigger' opening extending in the direction of depth thereof, a. detachable receiver section removably secured to the fixed sect-ion and including a lug extending into said opening, interengaging lips and fianges on said lug and the wall of said opening, means for otherwise securing the detachable section to the fixed section, and a barrel removably secured to said detachable section. v

6. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section having a magazine chamber, a detachable receiver section removably secured to said fixed section and having a breech chamber therein, a stop and cartridge guide lug projecting downwardly from the rear end of said detachable section underneath the breech chamber and provided with a groove to guide a cartridge into said chamber, and means for locking said sections in engagement one with another.

7. A firearm including a frame comprising a fixed receiver section having an opening extending downwardly therethrough from the upper end thereof and of a size to receive a trigger inserted downwardly through said opening, a detachable receiver section removably secured to said fixed section and closing said opening at its upper end thereby forming a pocket wholly within the fixed receiver section to inclose the upper end of the trigger, and means for locking said sections in engagement one with another.

S. A firearm including a frame comprising a receiver, a hammer movably mounted in said receiver, a sear movably mounted to engage said hammer, a safety lug projecting from the side of said sear, a safety lever extending across said lug on one side to engage said lug on its opposite edge to hold the sear against movement, a trigger bar extending across the lug on the side opposite to said safety lever to engage said lug on the edge .opposite to vthat engaged .by the safety lever to Actuate the senr, .and u trigger te actuaite said 13er.

9. A firearm including a frame .compris ing e receiver, a hammer niovebly mounted .in said receiver, .a ksenr movzub'ly mounted to engage said hammer, e safety lug projecting from the side of .the Sear, n `safety lever having e hooked shoulder to .engage seid lug on one side thereof to hold the sear against movement, a trigger bur 'having e hooked shoulder to engage the opposite side of said lug to actuate the sea-r, and a :trigger to operate said trigger har.

10. A trearm including a frame comprising n receiver', a ham-nier movahly mounted i-n :the receiver, n seal' movublgy mounted .to engage said hammer, e pivotally mounted trigger with its lower end forming a linger pull, a, Y-sheped trigger bar and .disconnector with the end of its stern pivotelly connected foto .the ripper end yof the trigger above its pivot, with one branch having e hook to engage e lug on :the sear when .the bar and disconnector are pulled forward by the trigger, and with the other brunch projecting upwardly, and e breech-bolt slidably mounted and having ve recess to receive seid other branch.

ll. A firearm including a frame comprising e receiver, tiring mechanism mounted in the receiver and including u Sear with a safety lug projecting therefrom, said tiring mechanism also including .a trigger bar 1ocated in e recess in the` side .of the receiver,

a safety lever to en age said lug, and a cover and spring plate or said recess, seid plete having e spring finger extending therefrom to engage seid lever to exert e frictionel pressure thereon.

Lucius N. DIEHM. 

